Draft anti-terror legislation could turn Sri Lanka into a surveillance state

The Sri Lankan government has finalised a new Anti-Terrorism Bill that introduces stricter penalties for terrorism-related offences, including long prison terms, life imprisonment, and fines of up to 15 million rupees.

The draft legislation, titled the Protection of the State from Terrorism Act No. 2026, is designed to replace the existing Prevention of Terrorism Act.

It defines terrorist acts broadly, covering any intentional act likely to cause public terror, intimidate the public, coerce governments or international organisations, propagate war, or threaten national sovereignty.

Under the Bill, individuals convicted of terrorist acts could face 20 years to life in prison following a High Court trial.

Those found guilty of joining terrorist organisations, promoting terrorist propaganda, or providing terrorist training could face up to 15 years behind bars in addition to heavy fines.

The legislation also expands enforcement powers, granting military officers the authority to stop, search, and seize materials from suspects on reasonable suspicion.

Arrested individuals must now be reported to both the Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka and the Inspector General of Police within 24 hours, a measure aimed at improving oversight following criticism of prolonged detentions under the previous law.

Detention orders, issued by the Defence Ministry upon request from senior police officials, can initially last two months and be renewed for up to one year.

The proposed anti-terror law is expected to trigger extensive debate in Parliament and among civil society as the leftist National People’s Power government balances national security imperatives with human rights protections.